Liu JY Status of marine biodiversity of the China seas. Science PLoS Biol 9:e Morton B Pollution of the coastal waters of Hong Kong. Mar Poll Bull — Environ Conserv — Morton B ed Coastal zone management for marine conservation in Hong Kong: the need for regional cooperation in Southern China. In: Proceedings of the tenth international marine biological workshop: the marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China V.
In: Perspectives on marine environment change in Hong Kong and southern China, — Environ Res — Nature — Raffles Bull Zool Suppl —7.
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Accessed 23 Aug Front Ecol Environ — PNAS — Final report submitted to Agriculture and Fisheries Department. J Appl Ichthyol — Sci Total Environ — Download references. We thank Dr Mark Costello The University of Auckland for his professional advice on methods of constructing a species inventory which are in line with international standards. We are also grateful to Prof. Special thanks go to Dr. Two reviewers are also thanked for their constructive comments on the manuscript. Terence P. Ng, Martin C. Cheng, Kevin K.
Ho, Kenneth M. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Gray A. Reprints and Permissions. Ng, T. Biodivers Conserv 26, 23—36 Download citation. Received : 17 May Revised : 01 September Accepted : 24 September Published : 30 September Issue Date : January Search SpringerLink Search.
Abstract Hong Kong is famous as a bustling harbour and financial centre, with a dense burgeoning population impacting its coastal environment. Immediate online access to all issues from Subscription will auto renew annually. Acknowledgments We thank Dr Mark Costello The University of Auckland for his professional advice on methods of constructing a species inventory which are in line with international standards. Leung Authors Terence P. Ng View author publications. Under the WDO, waste means any substance or article that is abandoned and includes animal, chemical, clinical, construction, e-waste, household, livestock, street and trade waste.
The refuse transfer stations or landfill sites are managed by the EPD. The DEP has discretion to decide whether to issue permits or licences. In the application, details of the proposed activity must be disclosed to the DEP before starting the activity in question.
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Waste collection licence. Waste collection requires a DEP licence. If a person applies for a waste disposal licence in respect of chemical waste, clinical waste or e-waste, the DEP must be satisfied that the applicant has a waste disposal facility that has the capacity to dispose of a minimum quantity of chemical waste in a given period of time. Waste disposal licence. Prohibited activities A person commits an offence if he or she deposits waste in any place except with lawful authority or excuse, or except with the permission of any owner or lawful occupier of the place.
An offence is also committed if a person provides waste collection services in an area without being licensed or authorised by collection authorities. Operator criteria Waste disposal operators must hold a licence to provide waste collection and disposal services. Operators are bound to comply with the terms and conditions of their licence, the breach of which would give rise to an offence.
Hong Kong Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan
Special rules for certain waste Chemical waste. Chemical wastes are liquid, semi-solid and solid wastes which are hazardous in nature or constitute a risk of environmental pollution. A chemical waste producer must register with the EPD, providing information such as location of waste, generating establishments, nature of business and waste types before engaging in chemical waste production. A person must engage a licensed waste collector to remove or transport any chemical waste.
The substances and chemicals that can be disposed of under a licence are also listed in the regulation. Clinical waste.
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Stringent controls are imposed for the segregation, packaging, labelling, storage, collection, transportation and disposal of clinical waste. Clinical waste producers must use licensed clinical waste collectors who, within 24 hours of collection, must deliver the waste to a licensed disposal facility.
A clinical waste producer must maintain waste consignment and delivery records for not less than 12 months and have them available for inspection by the EPD on request. Construction waste. Under the construction waste charging scheme construction waste producers must open a billing account with the EPD and pay the appropriate construction waste disposal charges before using government waste disposal facilities. Import and export of waste electrical and electronic equipment WEEE.
Types of controlled waste are listed in the sixth and seventh Schedules of the WDO. Penalties Any unlawful collection service can result in a fine of HKD, and disposal of waste can result in a fine of HKD, and imprisonment for six months. The unauthorised import or export of waste is an offence under the WDO, and can result in fines of up to HKD, and imprisonment for six months, for first offences. National strategy, targets and producer responsibilities. Is there a national strategy to tackle particular types of waste such as plastics waste or marine litter?
What waste targets exist?
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What producer responsibility schemes exist? With the aim of reducing MSW in Hong Kong, the Waste Disposal Charging For Municipal Solid Waste Amendment Bill was introduced to the Legislative Council for scrutiny on 14 November to introduce a mandatory quantity-based waste charging scheme to create financial incentives to drive behavioural changes in waste generation. However, this Bill was shelved by the Legislative Council in June and at the time of writing there has been no further progress on its development.
Producer responsibility schemes As of , the government has implemented three mandatory producer responsibility schemes PRSs :. The Plastic Shopping Bag Charging Scheme has been fully implemented since April to reduce the excessive use of plastic shopping bags. REE includes air-conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, computers, printers, scanners and monitors. The EPD is considering providing an economic incentive to encourage the public to return used plastic beverage containers for recycling, and is also exploring the idea of reverse vending machines to collect used plastic beverage containers.
Asbestos What is the regulatory regime for asbestos? Prohibited activities Under the Air Pollution Control Ordinance APCO , it is an offence for any individual or business to carry out asbestos abatement work without prior written notification to the EPD, or for an individual or business that fails to appoint a registered asbestos contractor, consultant or lab technician to carry out the asbestos removal.
Contractors and laboratories must also be registered with the EPD and are subject to additional requirements stipulated in the EPD guidelines. Additionally, the APCO prohibits the usage of asbestos, which includes affixing, applying, spraying or installing asbestos or asbestos containing material on or in any premises. An individual or business that needs to carry out maintenance, renovation, demolition or any other work on premises must, before work commences, remove asbestos-containing material in accordance with the APCO.
The owner of premises that contain or may reasonably be suspected of containing asbestos containing material must engage a registered asbestos consultant to carry out an investigation and submit a report, and if asbestos is found, an asbestos abatement plan at least 28 days before abatement work is started. Notification must be given to the EPD of the proposed start date of the work and the individual or business must employ a registered asbestos contractor to carry out and supervise the carrying out of the abatement plan , a registered asbestos consultant to supervise the abatement work and a registered asbestos laboratory to conduct sampling, measurement and analysis of a substance containing, or suspected to contain, asbestos.
Permits and regulator No licence or permit is required by the business or individual owning the premises, unless the owner should conduct a specified process as specified in Schedule 1 of the APCO. The ACC assists the EPD in processing applications for registration and hears disciplinary complaints against persons whose names are on any of the registers, and carries out any other functions and duties relating to asbestos that the EPD may delegate in writing to it.
Penalties Under the APCO, it is an offence for a person to submit an asbestos management plan or asbestos abatement plan without appointing a:. Registered asbestos consultant to supervise the work specified in the plan.
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Registered asbestos contractor to supervise the work specified in the plan. Registered asbestos laboratory to carry out sampling, measurement or analysis of a substance containing or suspected to contain, asbestos containing material. It is also an offence to carry out asbestos abatement work without 28 days' prior written notification to the EPD. Subject to a few statutory exemptions, it is also an offence to use, supply, import or transfer from a ship to another form of transport asbestos or asbestos containing material or cause or permit such to occur.
If convicted, the maximum penalty is a HKD, fine and imprisonment for six months. Contaminated land What is the regulatory regime for contaminated land?
Regulator and legislation The EPD is the regulatory authority for contaminated land. The legal framework governing contaminated land includes the:. The EIAO provides that the assessment and remediation of contaminated land is required for designated projects.